Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a preventable epidemic
Texto completo:
PDFResumen
Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been catalogued as one of the many new epidemics of the twenty-first century. It is a multifactorial disease whose prevention constitutes an important objective for the primary level of medical attention. It was the aim of this review to explain the anatomophysiological alterations of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A bibliographical review of 21 sources was carried out. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is classified fundamentally by the presence of resistance to insulin or by a secretory defect thereof. Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis are implicated in its pathogenesis and complications. Its clinical features and the values of glycaemia, be they fasting or postprandial, are indispensable for a diagnosis. A diabetological education that includes an adequate lifestyle will prevent complications and better the quality of life of these patients.Â
Palabras clave
Referencias
Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, et al. HARRISON: Principios de Medicina Interna. 19thEd. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2017. p. 8849 – 8936.
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014 Jan;37 Suppl 1:S81-90. doi: 10.2337/dc14-S081. PubMed PMID: 24357215.
Wilson RD, Islam MS. Effects of white mulberry (Morus alba) leaf tea investigated in a type 2 diabetes model of rats. Acta Pol Pharm. 2015 Jan-Feb;72(1):153-60. PubMed PMID: 25850211.
Lindsay RS, Funahashi T, Hanson RL, Matsuzawa Y, Tanaka S, Tataranni PA, Knowler WC, Krakoff J. Adiponectin and development of type 2 diabetes in the Pima Indian population. Lancet. 2002 Jul 6;360(9326):57-8. PubMed PMID: 12114044.
Safari M, Yazdanpanah B, Yazdanpanah B, Mobasheri A. A population-based screening of type 2 diabetes in high-risk population of Yasuj, Iran. J Health Popul Nutr. 2014 Dec;32(4):677-86. PubMed PMID: 25895201; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4438698.
Cambizaca Mora GP, Castañeda Abascal I, Sanabria G. Sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes mellitus 2 en adolescents de América Latina en 2000 – 2010. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integral [Internet]. 2015 [citado 21 Oct 2018];31(2): [aprox. 17 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revmgi.sld.cu/index.php/mgi/article/view/15/11
Casanova Morenol MC, Trasancos Delgado M. Ancianos con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2: retos actuales para la salud pública cubana. MEDISAN [Internet]. 2013 Ago [citado 21 Oct 2018];17(8): [aprox. 16 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1029-30192013000800001&lng=es
Guyton A C, Hall J E. Tratado de FisiologÃa Médica. 9th ed. Habana: Ecimed; 2006 p. 1063 – 1077.
Cardellá Rosales L, Hernández Fernández R, Upmann Ponce de León C, Vicedo Tomey A, Pérez DÃaz A, Sierra Figueredo S, et al. BioquÃmica Médica T. IV. 26th ed. La Habana: ECIMED; 2005. p. 1305 – 1311.
Miguel Soca PE. Riesgo vascular en pacientes diabéticos con obesidad. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integral [Internet]. 2016 [citado 21 Oct 2018];32(1): [aprox. 23 p.]. Disponible en: http://revmgi.sld.cu/index.php/mgi/article/view/143.
Valdés Ramos E, Camps Arjona MC. CaracterÃsticas clÃnicas y frecuencia de complicaciones crónicas en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de diagnóstico reciente. Rev Cubana Med General Integral [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2015 Dec 22]; 29(2): 121-31. Available at: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-21252013000200003&lng=es
Flores Paredes A. Actividad fÃsica y prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes escolares de 12 a 18 años de la ciudad de juliaca 2015. Rev Investig Altoandin [Internet]. 2017 Mar [citado 12 Oct 2018];19(1): [aprox. 18 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2313-29572017000100011&lng=es
Miguel Soca PE. Riesgo vascular en pacientes diabéticos con obesidad. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integral [Internet]. 2016 [citado 12 Oct 2018];32(1): [aprox. 16 p.]. Disponible en. http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/mgi/v32n1/mgi02116.pdf
BenÃtez Rojas A, MartÃnez Ponce LM, González MartÃn L, Rojas Pérez S. Actualización en criterios para el diagnóstico de la diabetes mellitus. Revista Universidad Médica Pinareña, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. 1-45, sep. 2017. ISSN 1990-7990. Disponible en: http://galeno.pri.sld.cu/index.php/galeno/article/view/439/html
Tarragó Amaya E, Miguel Soca PE, Cruz Lage LA, Santiesteban Lozano Y. Factores de riesgo y prevención de la cardiopatÃa isquémica. CCN [Internet]. 2012 [citado 12 Oct 2018];16 (2): [aprox. 18 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revcocmed.sld.cu/index.php/cocmed/article/view/505
Masood T, Kushwaha RS, Singh R, Sailwal S, Pandey H, Varma A, Singh RK, Cornelissen G. Circadian rhythm of serum 25 (OH) vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus levels in the treatment and management of type-2 diabetic patients. Drug Discov Ther. 2015 Feb;9(1):70-4. doi: 10.5582/ddt.2015.01002. PubMed PMID: 25788054.
Chan WK, Tan AT, Vethakkan SR, Tah PC, Vijayananthan A, Goh KL. Low physical activity and energy dense Malaysian foods are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in centrally obese but not in non-centrally obese patients with diabetes mellitus. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(2):289-98. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.2.15. PubMed PMID: 26078246.
Vicente Peña R, RodrÃguez Porto AL, Sánchez Zulueta E, Quintana López L, Riverón González JM, Ledo Grogués D. Diagnóstico y Tratamiento en Medicina Interna. 2nded. Habana: ECIMED; 2016. p. 391 – 441.
