Incidence of induced hypertension in pregnancy in Health Area IV in the Cienfuegos municipality in the period from 2017 to 2018

Resumen

Introduction: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are an important health problem throughout the world, which have an incidence between 10 and 15 % of full-term pregnant women, which is why they constitute one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality and perinatal, these disorders can be reduced by early and careful care of high-risk patients.

Objective: to determine the incidence of induced hypertension in pregnancy in Health Area IV in the Cienfuegos municipality in the period from 2017 to 2018.

Methods: a retrospective descriptive study of 29 pregnant patients was carried out, between the years 2017 and 2018, treated in Health Area IV in the municipality of Cienfuegos, using their medical records. The sample consisted of the 18 pregnant women who developed hypertension during pregnancy. Variables were used such as the classification of patients according to the type of arterial hypertension, gestational age at the end of pregnancy, maternal morbidity and the treatment used. Statistical analysis was performed with percentages and the results were expressed using tables.

Results: pregnancy-induced arterial hypertension represented 55,55 % of this group and non-aggravated preeclampsia predominated with 61,1 %. The interruption of pregnancy was more frequent between 38 and 41 weeks of gestation, which represents 44,44 %. Maternal morbidity was high, representing 72,22 %. The treatment of choice was methyldopa associated with sedation, constituting 72,22 %.

Conclusions: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are an important public health problem. Studies have shown that pregnancy-induced hypertension is a disease that progressively complicates pregnancy, causing serious maternal and perinatal consequences.